Nitrous Oxide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nitrous Oxide - Essay Example Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a climatic follow gas that adds to the nursery impact. It is likewise engaged with the reactant annihilation of ozone in the stratosphere and is expanding in fixation by about 0.25% every year. The expansion is accepted to result from compost use, discharges from interior ignition motors, biomass copying, and modern procedures (Khalil 1995). It is normally delivered by nitrification and denitrification in soils and in the seas, and is crushed in the stratosphere by means of photolysis (90%) and response with energized nuclear oxygen [O(1D)] (10%). Its air lifetime is somewhere in the range of 100 and 150 years. In spite of the fact that the significant sources and sinks of N2O are known, they are ineffectively evaluated and deficiently adjusted, both regarding mass trade and in their N and O isotopic arrangement. Stable isotopes have been utilized in the past to compel sources and sinks of other air follow gases however presently can't seem to be effectively applied to N2O. The isotopic way to deal with a worldwide N2O financial plan is frustrated by the wide scope of watched isotopic qualities for every one of the significant regular sources, making it hard to dole out a one of a kind incentive to every one of the source terms. Soil motion tests have been demonstrated to be variable yet reliably drained in both 15N and 18O comparative with climatic N2O. Maritime examples have displayed a pattern like average supplement profiles, with marginally exhausted surface waters getting continuously enhanced along the nutricline and balancing out with profundity. Early scientific strategies utilized infrared retention procedures (Wahlen 1985) or required deterioration of N2O with ensuing examinations of N2 and CO2. The utilization of direct infusion strategies was presented in 1993 when Kim and Craig announced substantial improvement in both the N and O isotopes in two examples of stratospheric air. They suggested that a stratosphere to troposphere return motion of substantial N2O could adjust the watched isotopically light source terms, albeit a straightforward mass-balance model demonstrated that this prompted a significant overcorrection. Direct infusion of N2O was hence appeared to bring about wrong advancement of 15N and Delta18O when defiled by follow measures of CO2. We present outcomes for 15N and 18O of N2O got from tests gathered in the lower stratosphere. Five examples were gathered at midnorthern scopes on board NASA's WB-57 airplane, and two examples were gathered at high northern scope during the 1988 Juelich expand crusade. We likewise estimated, for correlation, the isotopic organization of tropospheric N2O examined in La Jolla, California, under clean cools. Nitrous oxide blending proportions diminished with tallness over the tropopause, while the substantial isotope creation of the leftover N2O was seen as progressively advanced. In the event that the procedure answerable for this advancement is an irreversible sink and if the fractionation factor stays steady, the information ought to obey what is known as a Rayleigh refining, in which the subsequent isotopic improvement is identified with the part staying by the condition (1) R = R0 x fAlpha-1 where R and Ro are the lingering (stratospheric) and beginning (tropospheric) substantial to-light isotope proportions, separately; f is the part of N2O staying (leftover focus isolated by the underlying fixation); and is the proportion of the overwhelming to-light response or photolysis rates. This relationship

Islamic Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Islamic Finance - Essay Example The paper tells that notwithstanding the changes and commotion that exists between the Islamic world and the United Kingdom, as unconventional as it might appear, it is shrewd to state that Islamic banking and fund has discovered its way in the United Kingdom. Islamic account is the premise of Islamic financial framework. Establishing its framework on the guidelines and standards of Sharia, usually known as the Islamic law, this offers Islamic account its one of a kind and skilled highlights. As much as Islamic Banking has its test and opportunity, numerous western investors have sort to include themselves in this developing business. Their core values and decides express that Allah possesses everything in this world and that man has just been rendered authorization to utilize it. In the United Kingdom, London has risen itself to be the center promotion focal point of Islamic banking. In the United Kingdom, 10 years back, the business was seen to be in its early stages this being the explanation with regards to why its degree is restricted. After 10 years, Islamic banking and fund has won in the United Kingdom because of its remarkable qualities. One of the most unmistakable attributes that have made Islamic banking and fund business to develop is the way that Islamic banking doesn't offer premiums, which is ordinarily alluded to as riba in the Islamic world. The award for cash saved as apparent is finished by not charging or paying premium. As a method of checking the misfortune and benefits happened, Islamic financial utilize the procedure of sharing both the benefit and misfortune happened. This is normally known as mudarabhah, which in lay man’s term implies benefit sharing. In cases that include contract purchasing, the bank itself purchases the home loan from the vender at that point offering it to the purchaser making benefits hence permitting the purchaser to pay the cash in portions. The home loan is enrolled under the purchasers name from the b egin to dodge any doubts. This sort of course of action is known as Murabah. The business person highlight of the Islamic banking and money is another trademark that has made this kind of banking to stick out. Putting its attention on money related development as well as physical extension of monetary administrations and creation, this has made numerous western brokers to utilize the Islamic banking and account administrations. Exchange financing and value financing have driven the path for the Islamic banks. No big surprise the developing pattern of individuals making the most of their financial administrations. The United Kingdom being one of the worlds’ generally advanced and muddled banking and money related frameworks, this has helped the Islamic banking and fund to win. The fundamental explanation with regards to why Islamic banking and money has won more in London than in some other urban communities of the world is because of the way that London is a lot nearer to Mid dle East than some other urban communities. Truth be told, London is evaluated to have facilitated the world’s biggest Islam’s in all the urban areas of the world (Anwar, 1995). In the focal point of London, the Arab people group is positioned among the most princely Arabs on the planet. To add on to that, Arabs cafés and lodgings exists in London focus to provide food for the Arabs that visit the city once in a while. There has been an expanding number of specialists, designers, and understudies in the United Kingdom. London rises to be the main market on the planet for outside cash trade, dollar being the well known money exchange. In the ongoing years, the retail level banking in the United Kingdom has gone down. This is because of the presentation of the Banking Act of 1987, which permitted outside banking to exist. The large four financial players strength to be specific Barclays, Lloyd, NatWest and the Midland bank, the last being the one in particular that has figured out how to make sure about its piece of the pie. Advancing from a little specialty bank in the Middle East over the most recent four decades, Islamic Banking and fund have developed in to a dynamic, productive, and strong contender to every single significant bank in the United Kingdom. Before the finish of 2008, Islamic banks are evaluated to be over $850 billion and

Blog Archive Mission Admission Round Three vs. the Final Round

Blog Archive Mission Admission Round Three vs. the Final Round Mission Admission is a series of MBA admission tips; a new one is posted each Tuesday. Because most schools have a three round application system and because most MBA admissions committees tell candidates to apply in the first two of three rounds, most candidates will not even consider applying in an MBA program’s  final round. And, for many, this is the right decision as most of the places at top MBA programs will have been taken once second  round decisions  have been  released. Further,  the  MBA admissions committees openly refer to their  third rounds as  â€œshaping rounds,” where they add particular constituents to balance the class itself. But, what about schools like UCLA and Haas, where there are four rounds. Is the third round still off-limits? The answer is no. If a school has a four round application system, then candidates need not consider the third round to be prohibitive.   When considering deadlines, candidates should avoid applying in the final round (not the third round, but, again, the final round!) whenever possible. So, the logical question is, when is it acceptable to apply in the final round, regardless of whether that round is the third or fourth round?   Our answer is that virtually every candidate must have humble expectations for the final round and should apply only if they are a true outlier from a hyper-competitive pack, meaning that they can in some intangible way add distinctiveness to their respective classe. While this is a tall order,  it is  certainly  not impossible. After all, if the  MBA programs  were not admitting canddiates, they would not  offer a  final round deadline plain and simple. Share ThisTweet Blogroll Mission Admission

Analysis Of Outliers By Malm Gladwell - 959 Words

SUMMER READING ASSIGNMENT-OUTLIERS: PROMPT #1 â€Å"Outliers† by Malcom Gladwell is an inspirational analysis of success and aspects that encompass the meaning of outliers. Gladwell dives deep into stories and facts to explain success and failure in a serious but entertaining tone. In this novel Gladwell introduces and explains important points that strengthen his argument that success is the result of multiple factors in life. His main three points used to set the tone of his overall argument is opportunities, hard work, and culture. To begin his storyline, Gladwell introduces the opportunities in which some individuals are given based on their birthdates or status. Chapter 1 â€Å"The Matthew Effect† begins the introduction of the crucial†¦show more content†¦All of these examples discussed play into the overall argument because it demonstrates one of the factors that plays into the success. In addition to his point about opportunities, Gladwell spends a chapter on hard work and its contribution to success. One of the most popular ideals from this novel is the 10,000-hour rule stating that to master a profession first you must practice 10,000-hours. He points out the specific research study by Ericsson explaining that â€Å"once a musician has enough ability to get into a top music school, the thing that distinguishes one performer from another is how hard he or she works† meaning that the difference isn’t a natural ability but a strong work ethic. From the top the huge factor that lets them achieve success is the practice and practice they complete (Gladwell 39). An actual example of this theory is about The Beatles and their continuous non-stop gigs lasting for more than the average timeframe. He wrote â€Å"by the time they had their first burst of success in 1964 in fact they had performed live in estimated 1200 times. Most bands today don’t perform 1200 times in their entire careers† showing that the abundance of practice the Beatles completed prepared them and helped the excel in their career. Gladwell informs the readers of the significance practice is on the overall success of an individual to add another aspect to the

The Fundamental Objectives Of Modern Ethic Committees

Delivering medical care is a two way street. Families rely on the hospital physicians and the care team to understand their desire for their love ones to receive care that is not biased, or prejudiced in any way. On the other hand, hospitals have a desire for families to understand their guidelines, policies, and laws that guide their efforts in caring for patients. When physicians cannot reach an agreed upon resolution in care between all parties involved (patient/surrogate, caregiver, or clinician) the use of the ethical committee is efficient (University of Washington School of Medicine, 2013). The fundamental objectives of modern ethic committees are; to encourage rights of patients, promote shared decision-making between patients,†¦show more content†¦The Use of the Ethical Committee The use of the ethical committee is to ensure that the code of medical ethics is adhered to at all times by hospitals and the care team. According to George D. Pozgar, (2012), ethics is a p art of philosophy that looks to make known the nature, determinations, defense and the founding principles of moral rules and the systems they comprise (p. 368). There are four pillars to health care; maleficence, beneficence, justice, and autonomy. First, maleficence deals with the care giver not causing the patient harm. Secondly, beneficence deals with showing kindness, compassion, and doing well to help others. Thirdly, autonomy deals with a patient having the sole right to make decisions about his/her medical care. Finally, justice deals the facility being fair in their risks and management when dealing with patients. According to the Patient Self Determination Act of 1990, ethically, and legally a patient has the right to choose their course of medical care. This of course is interpreted as no matter what a family member would like to see as an outcome for the patient, nor what the doctor deems as right; it is the patient’s sole right to determine their fate. This means the patient is responsible for choosing how they desire to spend their last days, continue a course of treatment or discontinue it. All advance directives put in place by the patient are governed by the courts of law and statutory. Each hospital facility

Religion And State Religion - 1508 Words

Separating religion and state is not as simple as it may seem. Many ancient civilizations relied on religion to guide them and give their lives a purpose. Some civilizations were even built on the words of their gods. This did not mean every civilization enforced religion to the same extent, societies located in places like Egypt and Asia prioritized religion more than others like the early Mesopotamians. Different documents and pieces of writing emerged though the discovery of these civilizations and through these works historians were able to depict the role religion had to make the society function. Some had the role of religion be so prominent that they would not be the long lasting civilization without it. The importance of the relationship between religion and state is evident in the ancient civilizations specifically in the regions of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Asia however certain regions enforced religion to a larger degree than others. In the region of Mesopotamia there was a greater value on human life and their interactions with people than the focus of intertwining religion and state. This did not mean religion was absent, the Sumerians just had a bigger priority of what is going on in daily life than what was to come of them afterlife. For instance, in the Sumerian myth the Epic of Gilgamesh, the ruler Gilgamesh was informed to enjoy his life and take advantage of all it has to offer because when life is over everyone ended up in the same place. The afterlifeShow MoreRelatedReligion And Religion Of The United States2992 Words   |  12 Pages Religion Discrimination SANDRA WHITE 1 Religion is one of the biggest differences separating the world into different parts. There is no other source from since the beginning of time which caused more harm and argument among mankind than Religion. 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Episode Of Hands Essay Example For Students

Episode Of Hands Essay Hart CraneEpisode of HandsThe unexpected interest made him flush. Suddenly he seemed to forget the pain,-Consented,-and held outOne finger from the others. The gash was bleeding, and a shaft of sunThat glittered in and out among the wheels,Fell lightly, warmly, down into the wound. And as the fingers of the factory owners son,That knew a grip for books and tennisAs well as one for iron and leather,-As his taut, spare fingers wound the gauzeAround the thick bed of the wound,His own hands seemed to himLike wings of butterfliesFlickering in the sunlight over summer fields. The knots and notches,-many in the wideDeep hand that lay in his,-seemed beautiful. They were like the marks of wild ponies play,-Bunches of new green breaking a hard turf. And factory sounds and factory thoughtsWere banished from him by that larger, quieter handThat lay in his with the sun upon it. And as the bandage knot was tightenedThe two men smiled into each others eyes. The first thing that comes to mind upon reading this poem is a sense of calmness and relaxation. Described well is an attempt at reminiscing at ones past, and how it may have affected life at present. It is a poem of truth, and the joy that comes with the realization of ones self, the inner being. In the poem is a character who has injured himself during work, and has taken a recess to tend to the wound. During this time the character is able to find it within himself to discover a truth within that reveals more to him of his life than his life itself could do, having seen its entirety. It gives evidence of having lived two separate lives, one on top of the other, but neither owning the upper hand at any time. It is a poem of change, and how things never change as they are expected to do, nor do they change before our eyes as we would believe, but instead change us in a way that makes us blind to ourselves. As the fingers of the factory owners son, That knew a grip for books and tenn is; here is described the mans childhood, and here, As well as one for iron and leather,-, is described his adulthood, with responsibilities and duties to perform. The style of Hart Crane is nearly unmatched. Here he uses a free verse structure, written as a Blackwood Article, in a story that depicts an event which is the theme and the subject of the poem. He uses little rhyme, with any structure, but the words flow from frame to frame as though a rhyme scheme had been used quite frivolously. There is also a great deal of imagery. A good amount of emphasis is placed upon the hands, the lifeblood of our interaction with the world, and as the hands are described against the sunlight we can nearly see a picture perfect masterpiece within our minds that helps us along in the story. There is also a well hidden hint at imagery here; His own hands seemed to him Like wings of butterflies, means quite clearly, that he has most recently undergone a form of metamorphosis. Any child can see sim ilarities between the hands and the wings of a butterfly, but it is taken much further here, and stands for a change that has taken place in his life. The knots and notches, is more great imagery here, describing the characteristics of his hands (scars, old wounds) that stand for who he has become, and what he takes pride in. .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .postImageUrl , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:hover , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:visited , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:active { border:0!important; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:active , .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684 .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6d511806ba33156676a59e068f5a8684:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Childhood memory EssayAnd in the end, the one hand does win over the other. The larger, quieter hand, held by the hand recently injured from work in his Fathers factory, holds something more dear and meaningful to him; a memory of a lost childhood perhaps. This all makes for quite a serene mood, an atmosphere of peace and rest, and joy at having discovered oneself again. And as the bandage was tightened The two men smiled into each others eyes. Obviously, as can easily be seen now, the two men spoken of are his hands; one of them, the injured, is him now in adulthood, and the other is who he once was, and all he has

Romeo And Juliet Story Essays - Characters In Romeo And Juliet

Romeo And Juliet Story Romeo and Juliet, said to be one of the most famous love stories of all times, is a play anchored on time and fate. Some actions are believed to occur by chance or by destiny. The timing of each action influences the outcome of the play. While some events are of less significance, some are crucial to the development of this tragedy. The substantial events that inspire the conclusion of Romeo and Juliet are; the Capulet ball, the quarrel experienced by Tybalt and Romeo, and Friar John's plague. A servant to Capulet, who is incapable of reading the list of guests, asks for Romeo's assistance. Romeo notices that Rosaline, his lover, is among these names. Benvolio challenges Romeo to compare her with other "beauties." Benvolio predicts, "Compare her face with some that I shall show,/ And I will make thee think thy swan a crow." (I, ii, l 86-87) To show his appreciation, the servant asks for Romeo's presence at the ball. Romeo should have considered the servant's warning; if Romeo occupies the name of Montague, he shall not be permitted. Once at the ball, Romeo is searching for a maiden to substitute the unrequited love of Rosaline. Romeo happens to gaze upon Juliet, who charms Romeo. Romeo proclaims, " Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight!/ For ne'er saw true beauty till this night." (I, v, l 52-53) Since Romeo declares his love for Juliet, she feels the attraction also. They believe that they are in love and must marry. However, it is a genuine coincidence that Romeo and Juliet were at the same place, at the same time. Some days after the ball, Benvolio and Mercutio are conversing, in regard to the quarrelsome weather. Benvolio declares, "The day is hot, the Capulets abroad,/ And if we meet we shall not ?scape a brawl,/ For now these got days is the mad blood stirring." (III, i, l 2-4) At this point, Tybalt, who has challenged Romeo because of his appearance at the masquerade, enters, seeking Romeo. On Romeo's behalf, Mercutio struggles with Tybalt, while Romeo, who is filled with love for his new cousin, tries to end their boldness. Before escaping, Tybalt plunges his sword into Mercutio, causing death to fall upon him. Mercutio blames Romeo and the feud for his fate. Romeo kills Tybalt, who taunts Romeo, upon his return. Romeo fears he will be condemned to death if he does not flee before the arrival of the Prince. Benvolio recalls the events that have happened,with some embellishment. The Prince declares: And for that offence/ Immediately we do exile him hence./ I hav an in your hate's proceeding,/ My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding;/ But I'll amerce you with so strong a fine/ That you shall repent the loss of mine./ I will be deaf to pleading and excuses;/ Nor tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses;/ Therefore use none. Let Romeo hence in haste,/ Else, when he's found, that hour is his last./ Bear hence this body and attend our will./ Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill. (III, i, l 185-195) Due to the disturbance of Verona's street and the losses of Tybalt and Mercutio, the Prince must penalize Romeo. However, the Prince agrees that Romeo was acting in self defense. Juliet, who desires not to wed Paris, asks for Friar Laurence's assistance. The day before the wedding, Juliet is to drink the poison, which will make her appear to be dead. In forty two hours she shall awake, with Romeo by her side. Romeo will then bring her to Mantua with him. In the meantime Friar Laurence will convey a message to Romeo in Mantua, telling him the plot. When she gains consciousness, Romeo and Friar Laurence will be there. Friar Laurence says, "Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift,/ And hither shall he come; and he and I/ Will watch thy waking" (IV, i, l 114-116) Following Juliet's intake of the poison, Romeo is anticipating news from Verona. Balthasar, a servant to Romeo, tells Romeo that Juliet has passed on. Romeo, who is told there are no letters from the friar, seeks a way to accomplish his suicide. Meanwhile, Friar Laurence, confronts Friar John, who was to deliver the letter to Romeo. Friar John informs Friar Laurence that he was seeking another Franciscan, who was visiting the sick, to accompany him to Mantua. He says, "Suspecting that we both were in a house/ Where the infectious pestilence did reingn,/ Seal'd up the

Music

Music Film Showing in EnglishThe Book ThiefGifted HandsLike Stars On EarthSubmitted by: Siojo, Louisa Mae S.Section: NS1-o1Book ThiefSummaryThe Book Thief is narrated by Death, who tells a story of a ten years old girl named Liesel Meminger. It's January 1939, Liesel, her mother and his brother Werner are being taken to the small town of Molching, just outside of Munich, Germany, to live with foster parents Hans and Rosa Hubermann. Werner died in the train f mysterious causes having to do with poverty, hunger, cold, and lack of medical treatment. Her mother buries the boy in a cemetery by the tracks and Liesel picks up a book, "The Gravediggers Handbook", which was fell from a young grave diggers coat on the grave of her brother and brings it with her. When she arrived to her new home Liesel is reluctant to enter the Hubermann house on Himmel Street, but is coaxed by her foster father, Hans, to whom she takes an immediate liking.The Band ConcertWe meet five days a week, and play five days a week. Being a member of the Concert Band is not only a great opportunity to practice the wonderful collection of songs we play, but is always fun. Some of my best friends I know are people that I met through the band and they are ones I have been playing since elementary school. It feels nice to know that it is possible to be with your friends every day doing something you all share a passion for. I can come into the class confidently that I will always have a great time with exceptional instruction. Our band director, Mrs. Bollaro, is there every day to help us master our music. Not only does she provide great tips to all of us, we...

Critically evaluate using examples the issue of stop and search and Essay

Critically evaluate using examples the issue of stop and search and discuss how the police have administered their powers effectively in their effort to combat - Essay Example Modern world is chock-full of complexities and this has its reflections in every constituent of the society including criminology. â€Å"Crime control is in crisis. Not only have levels of crime risen, but crime is increasingly regarded as a normal aspect of the social and economic system, rather than as disruption or deviance† (Lea, 2003). The police, in their efforts to check the number of crimes, have adopted various policies and the government gives utmost support to these efforts. In spite of these measures the amount of crime and violence is all but checked. Rather, many of the police procedures raise voice of discomforts among the general public. The case of controlling internal violence is not different. â€Å"Nevertheless, the police ability to control domestic violence is . . . limited and Conditional.† (Sherman, 1992, p. 247-248). A critical discussion on stop and search and the police administration of powers not only help us identify the efficiency of the s ystem in combating crime but more importantly make out the issues of criminology as a whole. Administered properly, stop and search is one of the most effective tools of policing in combating crime and thereby ensuring internal safety and security. Crime is an inevitable characteristic of every society and has been one of the primary concerns of the society at every age. Especially in the modern scenario, we find a renewed instability and conflict and an amounting threat to the material survival of the planet. â€Å"Crime is a central feature of this grim scenario as it progressively loses its status as a clearly identifiable disruption of the normal peaceful processes of social, political and economic life to become a core element of those processes themselves† (Lea, 2003). It is, therefore, necessary that the ever amounting number of crime and its related situation is addressed and studied in order to

Application of Theories in Firms Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Application of Theories in Firms - Assignment Example Companies use penetration marketing to gain market share and retain their customers Method Various literature and information were evaluated as regards the culture of employee empowerment theory. Empowerment as a social theory is traceable to Freire, an educator and humanitarian of Brazilian origin who espoused a plant for liberating the oppressed in the world using education. The idea of empowerment was mostly associated with alternative approaches to social or psychological development. The theory of employee empowerment suggests that employees will undertake their duties and responsibilities in a more responsible, efficient, and effective manner if they are allowed to behave in a less encumbered way and are better informed (Hur, 2006). Employee understanding of the mission, objectives, vision, and goals of the company will enable them demonstrate greater initiative, risk-taking and responsibility when they are effectively trained, accorded an environment that is relatively free of castigatory consequences and they have some authority in making decisions. It involves delegating authority up to the lowest level within the organization where decision making is allowed. Over the past twenty years, the theory of employee empowerment has been tried and proven to yield considerable predictive value (Towns, 2010). Employee empowerment culture gives employees the leeway to make decisions by themselves and this gives a lot of room for creativity, and entails principles of shared leadership and is a shift from the traditional hierarchical leadership method. It incorporates an approach that is motivational where not much independent power and authority is accorded to employees. The other approach is relational that entails a lot of power decentralization (Towns, 2010). Question Two The theory of penetration pricing is a strategy that entails giving customers a markedly low price (compared to average market price) at the early stages of the business enterprise with the b elief that over time due to experience and increased efficiency, costs of production will go down for instance due to economies of scale. This ultimately leads to the enterprise becoming profitable (Rao, 2009). It is suitable when a completely new product is being introduced, the market has customers that are price sensitive, a threat of a competitor entering the market exists, and continuous innovation is expected. Question three This memo reviews Google and Wal-Mart as two companies in the USA that practice employee empowerment and penetration pricing; respectively. Most traditional companies condition their employees to rely and depend upon leaders whom they really have no intrinsic connection to as the means for company progress. Employees are just not trusted to make the right decisions on matters affecting the company on their own (Llopis, 2010). Google has shown leadership and ‘breaking away’ from the pack by empowering their employees to make decisions and explo re their creativity. Google employees are empowered to use 20 percent of the time they spend at work daily to pursue personal projects that are not related to Google as a company and remarkably enough, this presently accounts for half of Google’

Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila | Lab Report

Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila | Lab Report Joshua Park Introduction Drosophila melanogaster, known generally as a fruit fly, is a cost-effective model organism with certain qualities that make it an ideal research tool in various fields of science. Drosophila melanogaster are preferred over vertebrate models as a research tool in genetic studies due to its basic food requirements, its ability to produce large numbers of progeny in a short period of time, and quick life cycle. Depending on diet and stress its life span ranges up to an average maximum of 120 days. They are also easy and inexpensive to culture in a laboratory environment, not to mention they take up very little space. In addition, they have diverse phenotypic traits that are easily observable. Its anatomical features like the compound eye allow easy access for phenotypic characterization. They also have abundant genetic variation in a relatively small genome. Approximately 13,600 protein-coding genes are located in only four chromosomes. Many heredity variations can be studied in these flies.An example of this is the gene that codes for eye color in Drosophila, which can result in red, sepia, white, or brown phenotypes. This unique ability to generate many different phenotypes provides D. melanogaster its practicality as an effective research tool for the study of the relationship between genotype and phenotype. In this experiment, we wanted to understand which phenotypic results would result from a mating cross between D. melanogaster parents with certain wild type and mutant phenotypes for eye color and wing size. The wild type phenotype for eye color is red, while the mutant phenotypes are sepia and white. The wild type phenotype for wing size is long, while the mutant phenotype is apterous, or no wing. We also wanted to know the reason for such phenotypic ratios, which we hypothesized to be the Mendelian Law of Segregation in regards to the study of one trait. To do this, we mated D. melanogaster flies with similar and different phenotypes in order to see how well our results agreed with the Mendelian Law of Segregation. We created two crosses: a monohybrid cross where both male and female flies had the wild type phenotype (Bb and Bb), and a monohybrid cross where the male flies had the mutant phenotype (XwY) and the female flies had the wild type phenotype (X+X+). For our first monohybr id cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies, according to Mendels first law. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio for a cross with red-eyed flies would be 3:1 because according to the Mendelian Law of Segregation, the two alleles are separated from each other during gamete formation. For our other monohybrid cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies with mutant white-eyed flies, once again according to Mendels first law. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio would be 1:1 due to the Mendelian Law of Segregation. Using the chi-square test, we will be prepared to reject or fail to reject our hypothesis according to our mating cross results. Title: Mendelian Genetics of Drosophila Material and Methods Students in groups of two were given a number corresponding to a specific fly stock vial. Two culture vials pre-filled with food and cotton plugs were collected at the front of the classroom. The group number and initials were written on the vials. Next, the assigned stock vials were obtained and were lightly tapped on the lab bench to remove the flies from the cotton plug. An anesthesia wand was dipped into the FlyNap and carefully inserted through the cotton plugs into each stock vial. The stock vials were immediately placed horizontally on the lab bench after, preventing the flies from drowning in the food media. After waiting a few minutes for the flies to fall asleep, the wands were removed from the vials and the flies from each vial were dumped onto separate index cards. The flies were observed under a dissecting scope and found to be either male or female based on the body morphology. A lamp light was used for an easier inspection. Using a brush, 5 male and female flies from e ach cross set were transferred to the culture vials. Once again, the vials were made sure to be placed horizontally on the lab bench. Each culture vial was sealed with a cotton plug, and the leftover flies were returned to the stock vials. The vials were returned to the TA for storage. Once larva could be seen in the fly culture vials, the parent flies were put to sleep and removed from the vials to avoid backcrossing. Once it was evident that many F1 offspring had matured into adults, the flies were put to sleep and dumped onto notecards. The flies from the assigned cross set were observed under a dissecting microscope, and the eye color and wing presence was recorded for each fly. For cross set E, both the sex and phenotype for each fly was recorded. After every F1 generation fly was counted for each cross set, they were dumped into the morgue. Results Cross Set: C Table 1: F1 phenotypes for cross set C Phenotype Total number Eye color Wing size Red Long 39 Sepia Long 9 The F1 data that was collected for cross set C is indicated in Table 1. The number of flies for each phenotype is shown. Figure 1: Graphical representation of F1 data for cross set C Figure 1 presents the data from Table 1 in the form of a bar graph. According to this data, there were more flies with wildtype red eyes (39) compared to flies with sepia eyes (9). There was a total of 48 flies for cross set C. Cross Set: E Table 2: F1 phenotypes and sex for cross set E       Phenotype Number of Male Flies Number of Female Flies Total number Eye color Wing size Red Long 10 9 19 White Long 10 13 23 The F1 data that was collected for cross set E is indicated in Table 2. The number of flies for each phenotype and sex is shown. Figure 2: Graphical representation of F1 data for cross set E Figure 2 presents the data from Table 2 in the form of a bar graph. According to this data, the number of male flies with wildtype red eyes (10) was equal to the number of male flies with white eyes (10). In addition, the number of female flies with wildtype red eyes (9) was very similar to the number of female flies with white eyes (13). There was a total of 42 flies for cross set E. Phenotype Observed Number (O) Expected Number (E) Deviation (O E) (O E) ² (O E) ²/E Red eyes/long wings 39 36 3 9 0.25 Sepia eye/long wings 9 12 -3 9 0.75 Total 48 48 X ² = 1.00 Chi-Square Analysis: Table 3:Chi-square analysis for cross set C Cross Set C:   à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 = Degrees of freedom (df) = 1 p-value range = 0.1 Table 4: Chi-square analysis for cross set E Phenotype Observed Number (O) Expected Number (E) Deviation (O E) (O E) ² (O E) ²/E Red eyes/long wings 19 21 -3 9 0.429 White eyes/long wings 23 21 2 4 0.190 Total 42 42 X ² = 0.619 Cross Set E:   à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 = Degrees of freedom (df) = 1 p-value range = 0.1 The chi-square analysis was completed for both crosses to compare the observed results with the expected results. The p-value for cross set C was between 0.1 and 0.9. The p-value for cross set E was also between 0.1 and 0.9. As a result, we fail to reject the null hypothesis of the chi-square test for both crosses. Discussion According to the results of this experiment, our research hypothesis was supported in each mating cross. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio for a cross with red-eyed wildtype flies would be 3:1, because according to the Mendelian Law of Segregation, the two alleles are separated from each other during gamete formation. Cross set C produced about three times as many red-eyed wildtype flies compared to sepia-eyed flies, confirming our hypothesis. For our other monohybrid cross, we wanted to know what the expected phenotypic ratio would be when crossing wildtype red-eyed flies with mutant white-eyed flies. We hypothesized that the expected phenotypic ratio would be 1:1 due to the Mendelian Law of Segregation. Cross set E produced equal amounts of red-eyed flies and white-eyed flies, confirming our hypothesis. The ratios obtained for cross sets C and E accurately reflected the expected results for a monohybrid cross and test cross respectively, as claimed by Mendels law o f segregation. The results of the chi-square analysis show that the observed counts were very close to the expected counts. The p-values for both cross sets C and E were between 0.1 and 0.9. Since these p-values were larger than 0.05, it was concluded that we should fail to reject the null hypothesis. Failing to reject the null hypothesis means that the observed data was not statistically different from the expected data. The mode of inheritance for cross set C was determined to be complete dominance. In complete dominance, the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele when both are present. Since both parents were found to be heterozygous for eye color (Bb), the dominant red allele masked the effect of the recessive sepia allele. The F1 data for cross set C demonstrates that wild type red eyes are dominant over sepia eyes, since the ratio of red-eyed flies (BB or Bb) to sepia-eyed flies (bb) was calculated to be 3:1, as expected for a monohybrid cross according to Mendels law of segregation. The mode of inheritance for cross set E was determined to be X-linked. Genetic conditions with an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern usually affect only the males in a family. This is because they are caused by altered or mutant genes found on the X-chromosome. Females are born with two X-chromosomes, so the effects of a working gene on one can mask the effects of a mutant gene on the other, which is similar to complete dominance. They will normally be unaffected carriers of the condition. Males have only one X-chromosome, so if they inherit one with a mutant gene (XwY), they will be affected. The F1 data for cross set E demonstrates that the traits for red eyes and white eyes are located on the sex chromosome, since the ratio of red-eyed flies to white-eyed flies was determined to be 1:1. This indicated that the red-eyed female flies were heterozygous for eye color (X+Xw), since the contribution of a mutant allele from both parent flies would result in offspring with red eyes an d white eyes in equal proportions. These results are comparable to the data from Thomas Hunt Morgans experiment with D. melanogaster. In his experiment, he discovered a mutant gene affecting eye color. This mutant gene was expressed as a white color in the eyes. Morgan proceeded to discover that the gene for eye color was inherited in different ways depending on the sex of the fly. This difference came from the fact that female flies have two X chromosomes, while male flies only have one X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Morgan found that this gene had a similar inheritance pattern to the X chromosome. Thus, Morgan concluded that this gene was X-linked. A limitation of this experiment is the fact that we only counted progeny during one session. Multiple trials of counting offspring may have produced closer values to the expected ratios of Mendels law of segregation. Another limitation would be the difficulty of identifying male flies from female flies in a quick and efficient manner. This research has demonstrated the practicality and versatility of D. melanogaster as a tool for research in the lab. Although these fruit flies may seem like very simple and insignificant organisms, they allow us to do research that may otherwise not have been possible. I plan to conduct further studies with D. melanogaster in the field of pharmacology. Since humans share key physiological processes with this organism, D. melanogaster would serve as an effective model for drug discovery. I aim to generate a new drug compound that would greatly aid in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. I hope that the research conducted with these flies will allow for greater discoveries in various fields of science that will contribute to the advancement of mankind. References Jennings, B. H. (2011). Drosophila a versatile model in biology medicine. Materials Today,  14(5), 190-195. doi:10.1016/s1369-7021(11)70113-4 Morgan, T. H. (1910). Sex Limited Inheritance In Drosophila. Science, 32(812), 120-122.  doi:10.1126/science.32.812.120 Pandey, U. B., Nichols, C. D. (2011). Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and  the Role of the Fly in Therapeutic Drug Discovery. Pharmacological Reviews, 63(2),  411-436. http://doi.org/10.1124/pr.110.003293 Prà ¼ÃƒÅ¸ing, K., Voigt, A., Schulz, J. B. (2013). Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for  Alzheimers disease. Molecular Neurodegeneration, 8, 35. http://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1326-8-35     Ã‚   Plagiarism: Types, Causes and Effects Plagiarism: Types, Causes and Effects KENNEDY MULI KAILITI PLAGIARISM Introduction Plagiarism is ideological theft. When a person takes and idea that is not their own and represents it for credit. This is a false representation of oneself by using work or an idea that is not original or stolen from another person. Furthermore different constituencies have different meaning for the history of plagiarism. We might helpfully regard it as a triple entity or triangle. At one point of the triangle is cheating involving written works, the second inadvertent a failure to master conventions and the third are professionals who another work without permission for their own benefit.[1] This is just taking advantage of other peoples creativity without acknowledging them. Plagiarism represents truth without representing the source of the truth so ultimately it becomes its truth from the wrong person. When plagiarism is done without intention, knowledge or as a mistake then its called miss-use of sources. The great controversy on plagiarism is drawing the thin line between the de liberate and mistake and who takes responsibility between the teacher and the student. Plagiarism has been there as long as man existed and there was art and creativity but the realization of the vice and its consequences could have come with the printing press and academic advancement. In the early years of human existence philosophy, music and poetry were the ideologies and their practice as a sign of civilization and social advancement. The mode of education was informal and there was not based on research and writing and though plagiarism was practiced there is no data on who and when it started. In the definition and practice plagiarism was practiced as long as man lived. As people put their ideas and creativity in writing, distribution, business and credit then plagiarism became a parallel business. The publishing and printing companies and the authors had to protect themselves from theft and so the copy right protection laws. The twentieth century has come with innovation, scientific discoveries and research and plagiarism has risen as a competing factor. There is need to protect individual work and publishers from those who plagiarize to avoid the gains achieved so far and chaos and confusion. The world has turned to capitalism and competition for resources and fame. Plagiarism has become more alive in this century and its a moral and legal matter that is challenging every society. The academic world has been transformed to research and analysis and students excel only after writing essays, papers, thesis and publication making plagiarism a great threat. The new form of plagiarism is not for economic and popularity gain but for academic success and it a vice in all learning institutions. There has been so many ideas presented in all academic fields and with technological advancement plagiarism is easy and appealing today than before. There is no limit to the destruction that plagiarism has done economically, politically, socially, emotionally and often leads to enemity, wars and legal disputes. Today in music and art industry plagiarism is a quick fix to fame and riches. Time as a resource today is more precious than ever and people are willing to take shortcuts and achiev e goals within a short time. There is a lot involved in research, organization and tests in order to present work that is credit worthy in all fields of life so there is a trend to take shortcuts. Today there is unwritten policy of publish or perish in universities and so lecturers are likely to redo an old idea thus self -plagiarism. The internet has come of age and information is available all over the web for all disciplines and this is enticing to those who want to plagiarize. There is a demand for innovation, art, music, news and economic benefits are too good attracting the real and fake at the same time. Types of Plagiarism Plagiarism can either be intentional or accidental but the form and modes it takes vary a lot based on the situation. There is concern about academic plagiarism but there is a wide range from the unknown to the known , the written and the spoken and just like theft its trends and forms has no limits. The common one in research are taking some presented idea from a pool of knowledge and presenting it for credit. When one recycles and old concept or idea its self- plagiarism and the copy paste computer technology is a monster that propagates plagiarism. There is a pool of knowledge in all fields and research is ongoing in all parts of the world so plagiarism can arise unknowingly when there is agreement on the same concept and ideology. 14 Seven sons of a Jewish high priest named Sceva were doing this.15 But the evil spirit answered them, Jesus I know, and Paul I recognize, but who are you? 16 And the man in whom was the evil spirit leaped on them, mastered all of them and overpowered them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded.[2] This is spiritual plagiarism as people assume the position of Paul and Jesus. Percentage of College Students Admitting to Selected Cheating Behaviors, 1963 and 1993[3] Tests/Examinations 1963 1993 Copied from another student 26% 52% Helped another student cheat 23% 37% Used crib notes 16 % 27% Written Work Copied material without footnoting 49% 54% Plagiarized 30% 26% Falsified a bibliography 38% 29% Turned in work done by another 29% 14% Collaborated on assignments requiring individual work 11% 49% The use of plagiarism has been on the rise just and taking new modes. This research data information show that the percentages have almost doubled in the thirty years. This trend means that in the next century plagiarism will be at level institutions and schools will find overwhelming. There is a great danger for academic and research advancement from plagiarism and there is a wake -up call. The reason for this paper This paper is to demonstrate that I have a clear knowledge of plagiarism and Calvin Theological Seminary rule on plagiarism. I posted this in my paper as a case study and after using the name of the person publishing this information I assumed this is not taking credit or plagiarism. I pledge i will not plagiarize again and action will be taken against me in future as per Calvin Theological Seminary statutes on plagiarism. Max Brewer in his 1907 book Der Deutsche Christus (The German Christ) During the First and Second World Wars, German Protestant leaders used the writings of Luther to support the cause of German nationalism On the 450th anniversary of Luthers birth, which fell only a few months after the Nazi Party began its seizure of power in 1933, celebrations were conducted on a large scale by both the Protestant Churches and the Nazi Party. .At a celebration in Kà ¶nigsberg, Erich Koch, at that time the Gauleiter of East Prussia, made a speech in which he, among other things, compared Adolf Hitler with Martin Luther and claimed that the Nazis fought with Luthers spirit. Such a speech might be dismissed as mere propaganda, but, as Steigmann-Gall points out: Contemporaries regarded Koch as a bona fide Christian who had attained his position [as the elected president of a provincial Church synod] through a genuine commitment to Protestantism and its institutions. Even so, Steigmann-Gall states that the Nazis were not a Christian movement. The prominent Protestant theologian Karl Barth, in1939 stated that the writings of Martin Luther were used by the Nazis to glorify both the State and state absolutism: The German people suffer under his error of the relationship between the law and the bible, between secular and spiritual power, in which Luther divided the temporal State from the inward state, focusing instead on spiritual matters, thus limiting the ability of the individual or the church to question the actions of the State, which was seen as a God-ordained instrument. Effects of plagiarism Plagiarism affects the individual and the society and the effects can be long lasting and devastating. The person involved will lose trustworthy, moral, academic and social standing. This becomes worse when the person is taken to court or loose license of practice and financial loses. Those in the schools are expelled and many years of study and research go to waste. Plagiarism affects just like theft can be too cruel with years of suffering and regret. In the world today there are people that have lost positions of power and authority and careers destroyed. In the society plagiarism can result to financial loses and as companies and jobs are affected, court cases and warring parties, and threatening social standing. Reasons for plagiarism Ignorance and carelessness is the major sources of plagiarism. Ignorance and carelessness are also the major sources of the excuse from students who are caught plagiarizing. Even in cases where there are established writers, politicians, and academics have been caught plagiarizing the most common reason is confusion in my notes.[4] There is always a reason behind every action good or bad and so people have different reasons to justify plagiarism. The world living in the era of quick fix and people have no time to invest in hard work as time becomes the most valuable resource. A majority of the plagiarism is intentional and by people that are well vast in their fields of knowledge but have little time to carry out a research. The financial and positional gain is attractive and is its good luck adventure that usually goes bad and becomes destructive. There is all information in the Web about anything and this makes plagiarism the easy and quick path to take. The economic trends today h ave forced people to do extra work , juggle between multiple careers , become student workers and so there is little time to invest in school and learning hence plagiarism is a solution. Self-plagiarism is one that can be done unaware after years of publishing and at times its miss-understanding and mistakes of not doing a citation. When people do research and writing they do it without fore knowledge of other people involved in the same work so plagiarism out of ignorance may not justify judgement and condemnation. There is a blame and counter by teachers and students but the bottom line is plagiarism is plagiarism. Today learning is intensive and cumbersome and most students had find it hard to match the pace and hence plagiarism. Conclusion Although we are teaching academic writing we cannot discount the cultural context. It invigorates the writing because is connected to the writers identity informing the writers voice -and yes it can be incorporated in to academic writing. Free writing should allow cultural context to serve as the true and comfortable setting in which second language students could get started in the process of writing a personal essay or research paper. [5] When people do research and writing they do it in their character and nature and the work cannot be separate from themselves. All people live and work in communities that influence their thinking and actions and so when writing in their true self their work will be more original. When writing from second language and culture, under strict guidelines and limits and the objective of teaching and learning is defeated by just fulfilling the purpose. There is a reason to demystify plagiarism by teaching students those engaging in research and writing a bout it, and the basic academic law of education is character. There is need for continuous and genuine conversation by all institutions on the standards, punishment, and modes of plagiarism as new method and techniques evolve with technological advancement. Schools and universities need to engage parents and guardians since plagiarism is vice that is academic and moral. The question of self-plagiarism and miss-use of resources, or a typology and its punishment will be there today and as long as there is writing and research. The new trends in plagiarism and its rise is a challenge to all institutions of learning and there is need to teach plagiarism and good academic morals as a mission. Bibliography Blum, Susan D. My Word ! ,New York :Cornell University Press, 2009. Lathrop, Ann, and Kathleen Foss. Student Cheating and Plagiarism in the Internet Era: A Wake-Up Call: A Wake-Up Call. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 2000. .eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed March 9, 2017). Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism, Handbook Los Angelas: Pyrczack publishing, 2001. Desena, Laura H. Preventing Plagiarism, Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English, 2007 [1] Blum, Susan D. My Word ! New York (Cornell University Press, 2009)12-13 [2] Acts 19: 14-16 (ESV) [3] Lathrop, Ann, and Kathleen Foss. Student Cheating and Plagiarism in the Internet Era: A Wake-Up Call: A Wake-Up Call. Englewood, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 2000. .eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed March 9, 2017). [4] Harris, Robert A. The Plagiarism Handbook ( Los Angelas: Pyrczack publishing, 2001) ,23 [5] Desena, Laura H. Preventing Plagiarism (Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English, 2007 ),105.

Discovery Through Dance Essay -- Dance Dancing Movies Films Media Essa

Discovery Through Dance Movies with dancing have always been a big success, simply because they cause people to want to move and be free like the actors on the set. Dirty Dancing, directed by Emile Ardolino, is a movie that makes people want to jump into the screen and be a part of the show. It is a favorite among teenage girls simply because of the kind of dancing that is performed. Another movie, Save the Last Dance, directed by Thomas Carter, is also well liked by teenage girls because of the dance moves. These two movies portray similar stories of girls finding happiness through expression of different kinds of dancing. Dirty Dancing is a movie portraying the story of a young girl who finds herself while staying at a resort with her family for the summer. The girl’s name is Baby, which describes her character at the beginning of the story. She is a daddy’s girl, and is very trusted by her parents. After some run-in’s with her new friends at the resort; however, her parents start to see a new side of her. Baby secretly learns to dance so she can save a friend’s job. She eventually falls in love with her partner Johnny, which leads to him getting fired from the resort. At the end, during the farewell dinner, Johnny ends up surprising her and making her dance in front of everyone. Her parents see her new talent, and see how much she has grown-up. Baby and Johnny end up together in the end, which makes for a very happy ending. Save the Last Dance is also an exciting movie about a girl finding herself through learning a new type of dance. Sarah has always been a ballerina and ends up losing her mom in a car accident while Sarah is trying out for Julliard. She ends up going to live wit... ...e, and thinks that Derek was the reason that she got hurt in the first place. He doesn’t agree with their relationship and thinks Sarah can find a better guy than Derek. Both girls must go against the wishes of their fathers and simply follow their hearts and do what they feel is best no matter what. These two movies show how two girls, by learning to dance, also learn to overcome discrimination and simply be themselves. They don’t listen to others around them when they say what they are doing is wrong. They do what they know is right and in the end find themselves through the love of their partners and their new love of dancing. Works Cited Dirty Dancing. Dir. Emile Ardolino. Perf. Patrick Swayze and Jennifer Grey. Artisan, 1987. Save the Last Dance. Dir. Thomas Carter. Perf. Julia Stiles and Sean Patrick Thomas. Paramount, 2001.

Employee Relations Essay

In various business organizations, we find that, many employees are neglected and are most often demoralized, not motivated in performing their duties in the particular organisation, thus encouraging a poor employee relations, but in the United Kingdom, many businesses are flourishing, since they have set up an enabled system that tends to come up with factors that makes the firm to get a frequent and significant recognition of its employees, thus enhancing a good employee relations. The factors that are known to be most influential in the shaping of these employee relations in the United Kingdom are as follows: Communication In this case, we find that, most managers come up with a system to re-examine the performance of their employees. This system normally, include a precise communication system that brings an understanding between the employees and the management team, under which, the employees seem to appreciate the principles on which they are assessed thus, encouraging justice and equal opportunities in the organisation. The firms have an established internal coordination system and structure; this is usually a practical cooperation that helps to build stronger relationships among the employees. Thus there is the recognition of each employee’s contributions. In a firm every department has employees with different skills that are required at different roles. Therefore, the managers bring all these skills together, so that the firms objectives are achieved, and therefore, each employee is meant to understand what these objectives are, and how the different skills and functions within the firm are to contribute in achieving the goals of having a better employee relations, therefore they should know why they need to support each others efforts. Motivation The success of an organisation basically, depends on the employees using their full skills and knowledge in their production, therefore, these employees require motivation, and this motivation can be done in different ways and by different things. The employee Motivation in the United Kingdom normally involves, the compensation system which is the activity of giving the employees what they really want most from work, it therefore makes the manager, get his expectations from the employees, this expectations may include; production of quality goods and services. Motivation will enable the employees to have their goals in the organisation achieved; they will have a positive perspective on their position in the organisation. Motivation also creates the influence to change and build employees self-esteem and capacity to work. The managers have the responsibility of motivating workers, when the organizational structure is experiencing changes, and in this case, we find that the manager comes up with a plan that is used to define the environmental factors that brings an atmosphere of integrity, honesty, and confidence to the employees. Under this, the managers’ plan considers the factors that motivate the employees; this involves the determination of the important factors to the employee in his working life, and how they relate to his productivity. He also finds out what motivates the employees in their work, this is a situation where, we find most employees wanting a privileged compensation, an enhanced working environment, and flexible benefits from the amount of work that they do. This is always done by, asking them during the performance assessment, attitude inspection, and is also retrieved from informal discussion on what the employees want most from their jobs. On the other hand, the managers also spot the de-motivating factors of the organisation to the employees; these factors may be physical factors which include buildings or equipment or psychological factors such as monotony, injustice, barriers to promotion and lack of appreciation which normally affects the employee relations in an organisation. Since most workers in the United Kingdom claim to be working for money, and that their extreme benefit is encouragement; under this, money is always regarded to be a low motivator, and that it is only a short time motivator, after a rise is given to the employees salary, so the managers are always aware that benefits given after a particular performance rarely motivate their employees to use their potential effectively, most of the employees say that, the benefits are only used to motivate the new employees in the organisation but not the existing ones. Change Management Poor employee relations is normally said to be a leading factor to a change in an organizations’ performance; therefore most managers have been seen adopting a policy for managing changes within their organizations. In this case, we find that the introduction of this change is always meant to be motivating to the employees, since it is always used as an entry to the firms’ better achievement of its goals. To achieve a positive change in an organisation in the UK, the managers do not tell or instruct the employees, this does not help, but it only creates ignorance to the doubts and expectations of the employees, therefore the management team in an organization carry out discussions, through which the sharing of a particular problem helps in the creation of a better actions in dealing with the issues that are predicted to affect the productivity of the firm, due to the shared ideas and decision making processes derived from the open discussions, the employees are able to realize a change in the organizational performance. Changes in any organisation in the United Kingdom, normally involve learning, where the managers are able to know the learning capabilities of every employee in the organisation. Under this, one finds that his employees are categorized as follows; activists the manager may find that some of his employees like involving themselves in new ideas, problems, or opportunities meaning that, they do not like being impartial, Theorists, this is the category of learners, who are always comfortable with ideas they do not prefer involving themselves deeply without a reason. The other category is that of reflectors; they like taking time to think through things, thus they do not like being forced to move from one thing to another rashly and lastly the pragmatists they normally prefer to be linked between issues and their job description. Therefore, the manager is always in a position to deal with his employees who have different learning preferences and approaches, who may also respond differently to diverse situations affecting the organisation. In this learning process the manager is expected to give feedback, that plays a major role in motivating the employees, thus he should not leave the employees guessing the progress of their accomplishments, therefore, the managers always give adequate and accurate information on the development. Employee Recognition This is another factor that the employers put into consideration for the organisation to improve its employee relations, this is basically a communication instrument, which strengthens and compensates the most significant production that the employees have created for the organisation. The recognition structure is always made simple, instant, and effectively supportive to the employees’ relations and the organisation at large. Under this, the management team ensures that a principle for performance is established, involving the rewardable behaviour of the employees thus all of them are entitled to the recognition by the employer. This recognition supplies the employees with specific information about the behaviour they are being rewarded for. The management therefore, states that any employee who performs at a specified level receives a reward. Basically recognition occurs hand in hand with performance of the employees, thus it reinforces the employees’ encouragement and thus improving the workforce relations. Culture This is another factor that is most influential in the employee relations in an organisation, culture basically means, the environment surrounding an employee at work. In the United Kingdom we find that, culture is meant to shape the relationship of an employee and his work in an organisation. Culture represents an employee’s personality that carries principles, attitude, fundamental interests, knowledge, background, and behaviour that creates a person’s behaviour. Culture is particularly inclined by the organization’s management team due to the roles in decision making and strategic direction they impose in the organisation. We find the managers put in mind that culture is learned, thus employees are capable of learning how to perform, employees value rewards that are not associated with behaviours, since they have different needs, shared rewards from co-workers or have their most important needs met in their departments or project teams.

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